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HEAT
Source: Э.Я.БАГ; Н.А.НЕЧАЕВА; Э.С.ЯРАЛОВА; 1963 Y.
Heat is a general term applied to that branch of physical science which deals with the laws of transference of heat, the transformations of heat into other kinds of energy, and the effect it produces on material bodies.
It should be noted that the term “h e a t” is employed in a number of different senses.
This makes it a convenient term to employ for the general title of the science but the different meanings it may acquire must be carefully distinguished in scientific reasoning.
We may distinguish four principal uses of the term: 1. sensation of heat, 2. temperature, or degree of hotness, 3. quantity of thermal energy, 4. radiant heat, or energy radiation.
1. By touching a body we can tell whether it is warmer or colder than the hand, and by touching two similar bodies in succession we can roughly compare their degrees of hotness by the acuteness of the sensation experienced.
2. From the sense of heat we naturally derive the idea of a continuous scale, expressed by such terms as summer heat, red heat, white heat, in which all bodies may be placed with regard to their degrees of hotness.
It means that the temperature of a body denotes its place in the scale.
Temperature is indicated by means of a thermometer, an instrument containing a liquid hermetically sealed in a glass bulb with a fine tube attached to it.
Mercury proved to be the most suitable liquid for the purpose on account of its high boiling point and low freezing point.
3. The quantity of heat contained in a body obviously depends on its size.
The temperature does not depend on the size of the body, but on the degree of concentration of the heat in it, i. e., on the quantity of heat per unit mass, other things being equal.
4. It is a matter of common observation that rays of the sun or of a fire falling on a body warm it, and it was in the first instance natural to suppose that heat itself somehow travelled across the space from the sun or fire to the body warmed.
But now it is well known that energy of radiation does not mean the same thing as heat, though it is converted into heat when the rays strike an absorbing substance.
The term “radiant heat” however, is generally retained, because radiation is commonly measured in terms of the heat it produces.
Video by Teona Gvadzabia
#თეონა21 #Teona21
facebook.com/Teona21
E-mail: [email protected]
HEAT
Source: Э.Я.БАГ; Н.А.НЕЧАЕВА; Э.С.ЯРАЛОВА; 1963 Y.
Heat is a general term applied to that branch of physical science which deals with the laws of transference of heat, the transformations of heat into other kinds of energy, and the effect it produces on material bodies.
It should be noted that the term “h e a t” is employed in a number of different senses.
This makes it a convenient term to employ for the general title of the science but the different meanings it may acquire must be carefully distinguished in scientific reasoning.
We may distinguish four principal uses of the term: 1. sensation of heat, 2. temperature, or degree of hotness, 3. quantity of thermal energy, 4. radiant heat, or energy radiation.
1. By touching a body we can tell whether it is warmer or colder than the hand, and by touching two similar bodies in succession we can roughly compare their degrees of hotness by the acuteness of the sensation experienced.
2. From the sense of heat we naturally derive the idea of a continuous scale, expressed by such terms as summer heat, red heat, white heat, in which all bodies may be placed with regard to their degrees of hotness.
It means that the temperature of a body denotes its place in the scale.
Temperature is indicated by means of a thermometer, an instrument containing a liquid hermetically sealed in a glass bulb with a fine tube attached to it.
Mercury proved to be the most suitable liquid for the purpose on account of its high boiling point and low freezing point.
3. The quantity of heat contained in a body obviously depends on its size.
The temperature does not depend on the size of the body, but on the degree of concentration of the heat in it, i. e., on the quantity of heat per unit mass, other things being equal.
4. It is a matter of common observation that rays of the sun or of a fire falling on a body warm it, and it was in the first instance natural to suppose that heat itself somehow travelled across the space from the sun or fire to the body warmed.
But now it is well known that energy of radiation does not mean the same thing as heat, though it is converted into heat when the rays strike an absorbing substance.
The term “radiant heat” however, is generally retained, because radiation is commonly measured in terms of the heat it produces.
