KONSTANTIN EDUARDOVICH TSIOLKOVSKY (1857—1935)

05/31/2020
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KONSTANTIN EDUARDOVICH TSIOLKOVSKY
(1857—1935)

Source: Э.Я.БАГ; Н.А.НЕЧАЕВА; Э.С.ЯРАЛОВА; 1963 Y.

“Mankind will not remain on earth forever\" These words, an axiom of the new science of astronautics, were spoken at the beginning of the century by К. E. Tsiolkovsky.
Tsiolkovsky was a self-taught man. In his childhood he lost his hearing but this did not prevent him from acquiring knowledge.
With endless patience his mother went on teaching him and after her death he began studying by himself.
On having reached a point where reading books at home could teach no more, the sixteen year old boy went to Moscow where he continued his studies in libraries and lecture rooms.
For three years he studied physics, astronomy, mechanics and geometry with the problems of flights and interplanetary travel in his mind.
Having come across the law of action and reaction and the law of persistence of the center of gravity he realized that these two laws together constituted the solution of cosmic flight problems.
Seventy years before the appearance of the multi-stage rocket it was a tremendous step forward.
After having completed courses, he obtained the post of mathematics master at school where he taught for nearly 40 years.
The main problem Tsiolkovsky had been working at for many years was creating a theory of interplanetary travel.
He laid the foundation of all subsequent rocket theories proved the rocket to be the very ship upon which the man will be able to leave the earth penetrating into boundless spaces and outlined his design of the first jet-driven flying machine.
It was Tsiolkovsky who suggested the idea of a multi-stage rocket and of a man-made satellite which could serve as a laboratory for studying the universe.

This man who had neither forerunners nor experience, who had no model to follow, nevertheless succeeded in producing a workable design for a liquid-cooled rocket combustion chamber and the first man-made satellite was taken into the skies by a type of a rocket designed by Tsiolkovsky 50 years ago Moreover, the orbit along which the satellite sped had been also calculated by him.

This great scientist was little known in old Russia where he was mostly looked upon as a poor provincial teacher and dreamer.
The Soviet government however highly appreciated Tsiolkovsky’s work, he became the inspirer and leader of an entire school of Soviet scientists, research workers and engineers.

The inventor wrote: “I give all my work on aviation, rocket-flying and interplanetary communication to the Communist Party and the Soviet Government. I am sure that they will bring this work to completion.”

And indeed, the rocket the shape of which he had shown to the world was produced in practical form by his successors, Soviet scientists, designers and engineers.

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